========== VARIABLES- Think of this as containers ==========
e.g.)
>>> hugh = 300
>>> leah = 200
>>> caitlin = 100
>>> BrendanSue = hugh + leah + caitlin
>>> print(BrendanSue)
600
========== STRINGS- text, a collection of letters ==========
E.G.)
>>> hugh = “Why did the chicken cross the road? Big cockscomb!”
>>> print(hugh)
Why did the chicken cross the road? Big cockscomb!
#You can either use single or double quotes
>>> leah = “You are going to be a Ballerina oneday.”
>>> print(leah)
You are going to be a Ballerina oneday.
>>> caitlin = ‘You are going to be a Scientist in 15 years.’
>>> print(caitlin)
You are going to be a Scientist in 15 years.
———- Multiline string, use ”’ and then hit ENTER between lines: ———-
E.G.)
>>> sue = ”’How do you make a best bowl of Shin Ramen?
Use 2.5 cut of water, boil it first and then put powerd soup and noodle.
Then boil it for another 5 minutes.”’
>>> print(sue)
How do you make a best bowl of Shin Ramen?
Use 2.5 cut of water, boil it first and then put powerd soup and noodle.
Then boil it for another 5 minutes.
———- Escaping with backslash (\). \ negates or ignores following string ———-
E.G.)
>>> single_quote_string = ‘He said, “Aren\’t can\’t shouldn\’t\ wouldn\’t.”‘
>>> print(single_quote_string)
He said, “Aren’t can’t shouldn’t\ wouldn’t.”
>>> double_quote_string = “He said, \”Aren’t can’t shouldn’t wouldn’t.\””
>>> print(double_quote_string)
He said, “Aren’t can’t shouldn’t wouldn’t.”
———- Inserting values in strings ———-
>>> solo_award_score = 100
>>> sms = ‘Conglates Leah!, you have scored %s in your solo award ballet exam!’
>>> print(sms % solo_award_score)
Conglates Leah!, you have scored 100 in your solo award ballet exam!
>>> go_fast_parts = ‘%s: a car part for making your car go faster’
>>> part1 = ‘bigger turbo’
>>> print(go_fast_parts % part1)
bigger turbo: a car part for making your car go faster
>>> part2 = ‘bigger downpipe’
>>> print(go_fast_parts % part2)
bigger downpipe: a car part for making your car go faster
>>> lucky_nums = ‘My lucky numbers are %s, %s and %s.’
>>> print(lucky_nums % (3, 7, 8))
My lucky numbers are 3, 7 and 8.
———- Example ———-
E.G.) save as BotanyBay.py and run.
spaces = ‘ ‘ * 12
print()
print(‘%s Botany Bay’ % spaces)
print(‘%s by’ % spaces)
print(‘%s Author-Unknown’ % spaces)
print()
print()
print(‘Farewell to Old England forever,’)
print(‘Farewell to my rum-culls as well,’)
print(‘Farewell to well-known Old Bailley’)
print(‘Where I used to cut such a swell.’)
print()
print(‘Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-addity’)
print(‘Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-ay’)
print(‘Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-addity’)
print(‘We\’re all bound for Botany Bay’)
print()
print(‘There\’s the captain as is our commander,’)
print(‘The bosun and all the ship’s crew,’)
print(‘The first and the second class passengers’)
print(‘Know what we poor convicts goes through.’)
print()
print(‘It aint leaving Old England we cares about,’)
print(‘T\’aint cause we misspells what we knows,’)
print(‘It\’s just that us light-fingered gentry’)
print(‘Hops around with a log on our toes.’)
print()
print(‘It\’s seven long years I\’ve been serving,’)
print(‘And seven long more have to stay,’)
print(‘For bashing a cop in our alley,’)
print(‘And stealing his truncheon away.’)
print()
print(‘Oh, if I had the wings of a turtle-dove’)
print(‘I\’d soar on my pinions so high,’)
print(‘Slap-bang to the arms of my Polly-love,’)
print(‘And on her sweet bosom I\’d die.’)
print()
print(‘Now all you young dookies and duchesses,’)
print(‘Take warning at what I do say,’)
print(‘Mind all is your own as you toucheses,’)
print(‘Or you’ll join us in Botany Bay.’)
print()
print()
print()
Output:
Botany Bay
by
Author-Unknown
Farewell to Old England forever,
Farewell to my rum-culls as well,
Farewell to well-known Old Bailley
Where I used to cut such a swell.
Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-addity
Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-ay
Singing tooral-i-ooral-i-addity
We’re all bound for Botany Bay
There’s the captain as is our commander,
The bosun and all the ship’s crew,
The first and the second class passengers
Know what we poor convicts goes through.
It aint leaving Old England we cares about,
T’aint cause we misspells what we knows,
It’s just that us light-fingered gentry
Hops around with a log on our toes.
It’s seven long years I’ve been serving,
And seven long more have to stay,
For bashing a cop in our alley,
And stealing his truncheon away.
Oh, if I had the wings of a turtle-dove
I’d soar on my pinions so high,
Slap-bang to the arms of my Polly-love,
And on her sweet bosom I’d die.
Now all you young dookies and duchesses,
Take warning at what I do say,
Mind all is your own as you toucheses,
Or you’ll join us in Botany Bay.
========= LISTS – more powerful than strings, can be manipulated ==========
———- Store a list in a string ———–
>>> wizard_list = ‘spider legs, toe of frog, eye of newt, bat wing, slug butter, snake dandruff’
>>> print(wizard_list)
spider legs, toe of frog, eye of newt, bat wing, slug butter, snake dandruff
———- Create a list and store ———–
>>> wizard_list = [‘spider legs’, ‘toe of frog’, ‘eye of newt’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’, ‘snake dandruff’]
>>> print(wizard_list)
[‘spider legs’, ‘toe of frog’, ‘eye of newt’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’, ‘snake dandruff’]
———- Call out value(s) using index ———–
>>> print(wizard_list[2])
eye of newt
>>> print(wizard_list[2:5])
[‘snail tongue’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’]
———- Change an item using index ———–
>>> wizard_list[2] = ‘snail tongue’
>>> print(wizard_list)
[‘spider legs’, ‘toe of frog’, ‘snail tongue’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’, ‘snake dandruff’]
———- items which can be stored in a LIST ———–
some_numbers = [1, 2, 5, 10, 20]
some_strings = [‘Which’, ‘Witch’, ‘Is’, ‘Which’]
numbers_and_strings = [‘Why’, ‘was’, 6, ‘afraid’, ‘of’, 7, ‘because’, 7, 8, 9]
———- LIST also can store other LISTS ———–
>>> numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> strings = [‘I’, ‘kicked’, ‘my’, ‘toe’, ‘and’, ‘it’, ‘is’, ‘sore’]
>>> mylist = [numbers, strings]
>>> print(mylist)
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [‘I’, ‘kicked’, ‘my’, ‘toe’, ‘and’, ‘it’, ‘is’, ‘sore’]]
———- Append an item to a List ———–
>>> wizard_list.append(‘bear burp’)
>>> print(wizard_list)
[‘spider legs’, ‘toe of frog’, ‘snail tongue’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’, ‘snake dandruff’, ‘bear burp’]
———- Delete an item from a List ———–
>>> del wizard_list[5]
>>> print(wizard_list)
[‘spider legs’, ‘toe of frog’, ‘snail tongue’, ‘bat wing’, ‘slug butter’, ‘bear burp’, ‘mandrake’, ‘hemlock’, ‘swamp gas’]
———- Join Lists together ———–
>>> list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> list2 = [‘I’, ‘tripped’, ‘over’, ‘and’, ‘hit’, ‘the’, ‘floor’]
>>> print(list1 + list2)
[1, 2, 3, 4, ‘I’, ‘tripped’, ‘over’, ‘and’, ‘hit’, ‘the’, ‘floor’]
***Note: division and subtraction gives error and cannot be used.
========== TUPLES – like a list but… tuples cannot change once you’ve created it ==========
———- E.G. ———–
>>> fibs = (0, 1, 1, 2, 3)
>>> print(fibs[3])
2
>>> fibs[0] = 4
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “<pyshell>”, line 1, in <module>
fibs[0] = 4
TypeError: ‘tuple’ object does not support item assignment
========== DICTIONARY (a.k.a. Maps) ==========
———- Create a Dictionary ———–
>>> favorite_activity = {‘Brendan Choi’ : ‘Building lab’, ‘Sue Lee’ : ‘Watching K drama’, ‘Hugh Choi’ : ‘Play games’, ‘Leah Choi’ : ‘Ballet’, ‘Caitlin Choi’ : ‘Play games’}
>>> print (favorite_activity)
{‘Brendan Choi’: ‘Building lab’, ‘Sue Lee’: ‘Watching K drama’, ‘Hugh Choi’: ‘Play games’, ‘Leah Choi’: ‘Ballet’, ‘Caitlin Choi’: ‘Play games’}
———- Output corresponding item to an object ———–
>>> print(favorite_activity[‘Sue Lee’])
Watching K drama
———- Delete an item in a Dictionary ———–
>>> del favorite_activity[‘Brendan Choi’]
>>> print(favorite_activity)
{‘Sue Lee’: ‘Watching K drama’, ‘Hugh Choi’: ‘Play games’, ‘Leah Choi’: ‘Ballet’, ‘Caitlin Choi’: ‘Play games’}
———- Replace a value in a Dictionary ———–
>>> favorite_activity[‘Caitlin Choi’] = ‘Play tennis’
>>> print(favoriate_activity)
>>> print(favorite_activity)
{‘Sue Lee’: ‘Watching K drama’, ‘Hugh Choi’: ‘Play games’, ‘Leah Choi’: ‘Ballet’, ‘Caitlin Choi’: ‘Play tennis’}
***Note: You cannot join Maps (Dictionaries) together. Joining maps doesn’t make sense to Python.
———- Puzzles ———–
#1: Favorites
>>> games = [‘pokeman’, ‘Age of empires’, ‘Street Fighter’, ‘Counter strike’]
>>> foods = [‘curry’, ‘donkatsu’, ‘korean bbq’, ‘sashimi’, ‘sushi’]
>>> favorites = games + foods
>>> print(favorites)
[‘pokeman’, ‘Age of empires’, ‘Street Fighter’, ‘Counter strike’, ‘curry’, ‘donkatsu’, ‘korean bbq’, ‘sashimi’, ‘sushi’]
#2: Counting combatants
>>> buildings = 3
>>> tunnels = 2
>>> ninjas = 25
>>> samurais = 40
>>> combatants = (buildings * ninjas) + (tunnels * samurais)
>>> print(combatants)
155
#3: Greetings!
>>> Firstname = ‘Brendan’
>>> Lastname = ‘Choi’
>>> Greeting = “Hi there, %s %s!”
>>> print(Greeting % (Firstname, Lastname))
Hi there, Brendan Choi!
